United States v. Gray’s Empirical Analysis
565 F.2d 881 · 1978
Citation profile
53 federal appellate · 11 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 100 later decisions — most recently December 2005 · most notably United States v. Phillips (1981), United States v. Baker (2005)
53 federal appellate · 11 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1343 · 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 371
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Escobedo v. Illinois · Massiah v. United States · United States v. Tucker · Hoffa v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 100 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[a] review of Fifth Circuit law indicates that this Court’s methodology involves-an inquiry into the actual performance of counsel in conducting the defense and a determination whether reasonably effective assistance was rendered based on the totality of the circumstances and the entire record. This Circuit does not blindly accept speculative and inconcrete claims of “what might have been if.” If an appellant can point to specific examples of ineffectiveness, we have not hesitated to grant a new trial or hearing.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.