Gates v. Henderson’s Empirical Analysis
568 F.2d 830 · 1977
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 4 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 145 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2022 · most notably Mincey v. Arizona (1978), Guice v. Fortenberry (1981)
48 federal appellate · 4 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Johnson v. Zerbst · United States v. Wade · Mapp v. Ohio · Wainwright v. Sykes
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 145 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“If police officers who are conducting a search or making an arrest are aware that the state criminal justice system provides an opportunity for full and fair litigation of fourth amendment suppression claims, the policy underlying the exclusionary rule will be served. That a defendant later at trial might choose not to assert his fourth amendment claim could not remove the system’s deterrence to police misconduct.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Boyd v. Mintz · Caver v. Alabama“If the state provides no corrective procedures at all to redress Fourth Amendment violations, federal habeas corpus remains available. It may further be that even where the state provides the process but in fact the defendant is precluded from using it by reason of an unconscionable breakdown in that process, the federal intrusion may still be warranted.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[W]here the state has provided an opportunity for full and fair litigation of the Fourth Amendment claim, the Constitution does not require that a state prisoner be granted federal habeas corpus relief on the ground that evidence obtained in an unconstitutional search or seizure was introduced at his trial.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.