Ray Marshall v. Board Of Education, Bergenfield, New Jersey’s Empirical Analysis
575 F.2d 417 · 1978
Citation profile
38 federal appellate · 25 district · 17 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 155 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2024 · most notably Horne v. Flores (2009), Nemaizer v. Baker (1986)
38 federal appellate · 25 district · 17 state decisions — followed in 14 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Browder v. Director Department of Corrections of Illinois · Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond · United States v. Swift & Co. · National League of Cities v. Usery · Chicot County Drainage District v. Baxter State Bank
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 155 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he definitional limitation in subsection (5) is significant in that it empowers a court to modify a judgment only if it is `prospective,' or executory.”
15 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“any other reason justifying relief from the operation of the judgment.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'provides for extraordinary relief and may only be invoked upon a showing of exceptional circumstances.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.