Edwards v. Carter’s Empirical Analysis
580 F.2d 1055 · 1978
Citation profile
23 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 46 later decisions — most recently July 2019 · most notably United States v. Munoz-Flores (1988), Robbins v. Reagan (1985)
23 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Baker v. Carr · Elrod v. Burns · Association of Data Processing Service Organizations, Inc. v. Camp · Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welfare Rights Organization · Sierra Club v. Morton
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 46 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“intended to permit Congress to accomplish through legislation what may concurrently be accomplished through other means provided in the Constitution.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Thus, [by virtue of U.S. Const, art. I, § 9, cl. 7] the expenditure of funds by the United States cannot be accomplished by self-executing treaty; implementing legislation appropriating such funds is indispensable. Similarly, the constitutional mandate that 'all Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives' [U.S. Const, art. I, § 7, cl. 1] appears, by reason of the restrictive language used, to prohibit the use of the treaty power to impose taxes.”).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.