Krout v. Goemmer’s Empirical Analysis
583 F.3d 557 · 2009
Citation profile
43 federal appellate · 5 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 94 later decisions — most recently June 2025 · most notably Shannon v. Koehler (2010), Langford v. Norris (2010)
43 federal appellate · 5 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Farmer v. Brennan · Pearson v. Callahan · Duncan v. Walker · SAUCIER v. KATZ Et Al.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 94 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“extends only to 'abstract issues of law,' not to 'determination[s] that the evidence is sufficient to permit a particular finding of fact after trial.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Qualified immunity involves the following two-step inquiry: (1) whether the facts shown by the plaintiff make out a violation of a constitutional or statutory right, and (2) whether that right was clearly established at the time of the defendant's alleged misconduct.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hanson v. Best“one who is given the badge of authority of a police officer may not ignore the duty imposed by his office and fail to stop other officers who summarily punish a third person in his presence or otherwise within his knowledge.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.