United States v. Cortez’s Empirical Analysis
595 F.2d 505 · 1979
Citation profile
21 federal appellate ·
Appellate journey
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Sibron v. State of New York Peters · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · Patterson v. United States · Hill v. United Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners, Local 25
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 24 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The quantum of cause necessary in . . . cases [like this one] was established . . . in United States v. Brignoni-Ponce . . . '[O]fficers on roving patrol may stop vehicles only if they are aware of specific articulable facts, together with rational inferences from those facts, that reasonably warrant suspicion that the vehicles contain aliens who may be illegally in the country.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“the ultimate question on appeal is whether the trial judge's finding that founded suspicion was present here was clearly erroneous.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“far too many innocent inferences to make the officers' suspicions reasonably warranted,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.