Bernard v. Gulf Oil Co.’s Empirical Analysis
596 F.2d 1249 · 1979
Citation profile
80 federal appellate · 4 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 128 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2025 · most notably Gulf Oil Co. v. Bernard (1981), Stepanischen v. Merchants Despatch Transportation Corp. (1983)
80 federal appellate · 4 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Buckley v. Valeo · Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Co. · National Association for Advancement of Colored People v. Y Button · Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, Inc. · Sherbert v. Verner
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 128 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'[T]he private remedy allowed by [section 706(f)(1) ] is only an alternative method to obtain relief from discrimination. A plaintiff cannot be penalized for choosing to forego this alternative and electing instead the legislatively and judicially favored method of relying on the administrative processes of the EEOC.'”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he Title VII defendant is alerted to the possibility of an enforcement suit within 10 days after charge has been filed. This prompt notice serves, as Congress intended, to give him an opportunity to gather and preserve evidence in anticipation of a court action. Moreover, during the pendency of EEOC administrative proceedings, a potential defendant is kept informed of the progress of the action.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“If the movant wishes to dispute the allegations of the complaint, he must do so through affidavits ... or other evidence. Unless and until the movant initially provides factual support for the summary judgment motion, the opposing party has no duty to respond to the motion or to present opposing evidence.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.