State v. Burr’s Empirical Analysis
1999
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 48 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 51 later decisions — most recently February 2026 · most notably 21 Cal. 4th 785 - People v. Castellanos (1999), State v. Bollig (2000)
2 federal appellate · 48 state decisions — followed in 16 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 14071 (§ 170101 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994)
Relies on Michigan v. Long · Tollett v. Henderson · United States v. Halper · Kennedy v. Mendoza-Martinez · Dobbert v. Florida
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 51 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[1] Whether the sanction involves an affirmative disability or restraint, [2] whether it has historically been regarded as a punishment, [3] whether it comes into play only on a finding of scienter, [4] whether its operation will promote the traditional aims of punishment — retribution and deterrence, [5] whether the behavior to which it applies is already a crime, [6] whether an alternative purpose to which it may rationally be connected is assignable for it, and [7] whether it appears excessive in relation to the alternative purpose assigned”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“Registration statutes assist law enforcement agencies in 15 No. 2018AP2205-CR investigating and apprehending offenders in order to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the local community and members of the state.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. State v. C. G. · State v. C. G.“whether an alternative purpose [i.e., a nonpunitive purpose] to which it may rationally be connected is assignable[.]”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. State v. C. G. · State v. C. G.
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.