United States v. Pitts’s Empirical Analysis
6 F.3d 1366 · 1993
Citation profile
70 federal appellate · 7 district · 15 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 150 later decisions — most recently June 2022 · most notably United States v. Lacy (1997), United States v. Fernandez (2004)
70 federal appellate · 7 district · 15 state decisions — followed in 10 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3231 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on Raphan v. United States · Gregory Lumber Co. v. United States · Morrison v. Olson · Federal Energy Regulatory Commission v. Martin Exploration Management Co. · Zerman v. Melton
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 150 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[i]n the case of drug dealers, evidence is likely to be found where the dealers live.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'[O]nly a reasonable nexus between the activities supporting probable cause and the locations to be searched”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“clearly improbable that the weapon was connected with the [drug] offense.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.