6 Va. App. 178 - Wise v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1988
Citation profile
60 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 60 later decisions — most recently July 2023 · most notably 16 Va. App. 913 - Ragland v. Commonwealth (1993), 14 Va. App. 173 - Hanson v. Commonwealth (1992)
60 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Chapman v. State of California · Neil v. Biggers · Manson v. Brathwaite · Gleason v. United States · Coe v. Commonwealth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 60 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“any tendency to establish a fact which is properly at issue.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“[R]eliability is the linchpin in determining the admissibility of identification testimony.... The factors to be considered ... include the opportunity of the witness to view the criminal at the time of the crime, the witness' degree of attention, the accuracy of his prior description of the criminal, the level of certainty demonstrated at the confrontation, and the time between the crime and the confrontation. Against these factors is to be weighed the corrupting effect of the suggestive identification itself.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“The test establishing relevance [and, therefore, admissibility,] is not whether the proposed evidence conclusively proves a fact, but whether it has any tendency to establish a fact at issue.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.