United States v. Beck’s Empirical Analysis
602 F.2d 726 · 1979
Citation profile
43 federal appellate · 6 district · 54 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 123 later decisions — most recently March 2022 · most notably State v. Oquendo (1992), United States v. Basey (1987)
43 federal appellate · 6 district · 54 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 659 · 28 U.S.C. § 46
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Terry v. Ohio · Wong Sun v. United States · Delaware v. Prouse · Brown v. Texas
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 123 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“. . . for this to occur the abandonment must be truly voluntary . . .,”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“" '. . . This demand for specificity in the information upon which police action is predicated is the central teaching of this Court's Fourth Amendment jurisprudence.' Terry , 392 U.S. at 21 n. 18, 88 S.Ct. at 1880 n. 18. As the Fifth Circuit said in Beck : " 'Spears's mere unfounded feeling that something might be afoot did not warrant his stop of the Chevrolet. Had he observed the vehicle for some time and seen Beck or his passenger take some suspicious actions, a stop might have been permissible, but under the facts here we hold the stop was illegal.'”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]f there is a `nexus between ... lawless [police] conduct and the discovery of the challenged evidence' which has not `become so attenuated as to dissipate the taint,' then the evidence should be suppressed.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.