United States v. Barnes’s Empirical Analysis
604 F.2d 121 · 1979
Citation profile
242 federal appellate · 14 district · 28 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 372 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently February 2025 · most notably Press-Enterprise Company v. Superior Court of California Riverside County (1984), United States v. Phillips (1981)
242 federal appellate · 14 district · 28 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 2518 (Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986) · 18 U.S.C. § 3432 · 18 U.S.C. § 3500 · 18 U.S.C. § 5010 · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 812 (§ 202 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Brady v. State of Maryland · Glasser v. United States · Franks v. Delaware · Holland v. United States · Irvin v. Dowd
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 372 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'a voir dire designed to uncover bias as to issues in the cases and as to the defendant himself.'”
21 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“both the prosecutor and defense were equally in the dark as to names and addresses of the prospective panelists”). 3 . The court stated:”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence““(a)(1) Any person who engages in a continuing criminal enterprise shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment which may not be less than 10 years and which may be up to life imprisonment, to a fine of not more than $100,000, and to the forfeiture prescribed in paragraph (2); except that if any person engages in such activity after one or more prior convictions of him under this section have become final, he shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment which may not be less than 20 years and which may be up to life imprisonment, to a fine of not more than $200,000, and to the forfeiture prescribed in paragraph (2). (b) For purposes of subsection (a) of this section, a person is engaged in a continuing criminal enterprise if— (1) he violates any provision of this sub-chapter or subchapter II of this chapter the punishment for which is a felony, and (2) such violation is a part of a continuing series of violations of this subchapter or sub-chapter II of this chapter— (A) which are undertaken by such person in concert with five or more other persons with respect to whom such person occupies a position of organizer, a supervisory position, or any other position of management, and (B) from which such person obtains substantial income or resources.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.