Index Fund, Inc. v. Hagopian’s Empirical Analysis
1985
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 5 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 34 later decisions — most recently May 2004 · most notably United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit (1990), 702 F. Supp. 962 - Bernstein v. Crazy Eddie, Inc. (1988)
2 federal appellate · 5 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 77L (§ 12 of the Securities Act of 1933) · 15 U.S.C. § 77O (§ 15 of the Securities Act of 1933) · 15 U.S.C. § 77Q (§ 17 of the Securities Act of 1933) · 15 U.S.C. § 78J (§ 10 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 15 U.S.C. § 78T (§ 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 15 U.S.C. § 80A · 15 U.S.C. § 80B
Relies on Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. · Foman v. Davis · Ernst & Ernst v. Hochfelder · Transamerica Mortgage Advisors, Inc. v. Lewis · Securities & Exchange Commission v. Capital Gains Research Bureau, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 34 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) a primary violation, (2) scienter, and (3) control of the primary violator by the defendant.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.