Field v. Brown’s Empirical Analysis
610 F.2d 981 · 1979
Citation profile
7 federal appellate · 3 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 11 later decisions — most recently September 2005
7 federal appellate · 3 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Munsingwear, Inc. · Leary v. United States · Marchetti v. United States · Garrity v. State of New Jersey · Laird v. Tatum
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 11 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“plaintiffs are not entitled to invoke the judicial power to determine the constitutionality of a statute unless they can demonstrate that they have sustained, or are in immediate danger of sustaining, a direct injury as the result of enforcement of the statute. See, e.g. Laird v. Tatum, 408 U.S. 1, 13 , 92 S.Ct. 2318 [2325], 33 L.Ed.2d 154 (1972), Ex parte Levitt, 302 U.S. 633 , 634, 58 S.Ct. 1 , 82 L.Ed. 493 (1937). Stated differently, a plaintiff must present “a claim of specific present objective harm or a threat of specific future harm.” Laird v. Tatum, 408 U.S. at 14 , 92 S.Ct. at 2326 .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Block v. Smith
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.