United States v. Werner’s Empirical Analysis
620 F.2d 922 · 1980
Citation profile
85 federal appellate · 13 district · 37 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 203 later decisions — most recently March 2018 · most notably United States v. Casamento (1989), United States v. Lewis (1985)
85 federal appellate · 13 district · 37 state decisions — followed in 15 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1951 (Hobbs Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 659
Relies on Bruton v. United States · Washington v. Washington State Commercial Passenger Fishing Vessel Ass'n · Drew v. United States · Dann v. Johnston · Rodriguez v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 203 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Two or more offenses may be charged in the same indictment or information in a separate count for each offense if the offenses charged, whether felonies or misdemeanors or both, are of the same or similar character or are based on the same act or transaction or on two or more acts or transactions connected together or constituting parts of a common scheme or plan.”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“"`... Rule 8(a) is not limited to crimes of the "same" character but also covers those of "similar" character, which means "[n]early corresponding; resembling in many respects; somewhat alike; have general likeness." Webster's New International Dictionary (2d ed.).'"”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]f it appears that a defendant or the government is prejudiced.”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.