United States v. Goodwin’s Empirical Analysis
625 F.2d 693 · 1980
Citation profile
109 federal appellate · 2 district · 45 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 194 later decisions — most recently June 2023 · most notably United States v. Mares (2005), 454 So. 2d 468 - Stringer v. State (1984)
109 federal appellate · 2 district · 45 state decisions — followed in 17 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Washington v. Texas · United States v. Russell · Hoffman v. United States · Sherman v. United States · United States v. Morris
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 194 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“`reasonable cause to apprehend danger from a direct answer.'”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'free and unhampered choice' to testify.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“based on its knowledge of the case and of the testimony expected from the witness, can conclude that the witness could 'legitimately refuse to answer essentially all relevant questions.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.