Brown ex rel. Brown v. Califano’s Empirical Analysis
627 F.2d 1221 · 1980
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 30 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2021 · most notably Guardians Association v. Civil Service Commission of City of New York (1983), Crawford v. Board of Education of City of Los Angeles (1982)
16 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. · Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · United States v. O'Brien · Washington v. Davis · Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“An explicit, major purpose of the amendments was to take 'HEW out of the busing business.' In other words, Congress wanted to ensure that mandatory busing orders derive either from local school officials or federal courts.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“the provisions of this chapter are not intended to modify or diminish the authority of the courts of the United States to enforce fully the fifth and fourteenth amendments to the Constitution of the United States.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“Absent discriminatory effect, judicial inquiry into legislative motivation is unnecessary, as well as undesirable.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.