Brown v. Zavaras’s Empirical Analysis
63 F.3d 967 · 1995
Citation profile
25 federal appellate · 17 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 78 later decisions — most recently February 2025 · most notably Gff Corporation v. Associated Wholesale Grocers Inc (1997), David v. City And County Of Denver (1997)
25 federal appellate · 17 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Estelle v. Gamble · Haines v. Kerner · Hishon v. King & Spalding · Frontiero v. Richardson · Nebraska v. Wyoming
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 78 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A court may convert a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss into a motion for summary judgment in order to consider matters outside of the plaintiff's complaint.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“give the parties notice of the changed status of the motion and thereby provide the parties to the proceeding the opportunity to present to the court all material made pertinent to such motion by Rule 56.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“are merely conclusory in that they do not allege the factual basis for an equal protection claim, and even pro se litigants must do more than make conclusory statements regarding constitutional claims.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Garner v. Simmons
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.