Bills v. Henderson’s Empirical Analysis
631 F.2d 1287 · 1980
Citation profile
100 federal appellate · 8 district · 14 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 182 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2024 · most notably Olim v. Wakinekona (1983), Shango v. Jurich (1982)
100 federal appellate · 8 district · 14 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Mathews v. Eldridge · Wolff v. McDonnell · Preiser v. Rodriguez · Greenholtz v. Inmates of Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex · Meachum v. Fano
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 182 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““The demarcation between these two lines of cases is fairly clear. Where statutes or prison policy statements have limited prison officials’ discretion by imposing a specific prerequisite to the forfeiture of benefits or favorable living conditions enjoyed by a prisoner, an expectation or entitlement has been created which cannot be taken away without affording the prisoner certain due process rights. On the other hand, when prison officials have complete discretion in making a decision that will affect the inmate, no expectation or protected liberty interest has been created.””
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Franklin v. Aycock · Ivey v. Wilson“(l)iberty interests can be created by state rules or mutually explicit understandings as well as by statute.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a legitimate claim of entitlement to the interest, not merely a unilateral expectation of it.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.