Hayes v. Memphis Police Department’s Empirical Analysis
634 F.2d 350 · 1980
Citation profile
6
cited by 6 later decisions
June 1988
most recently cited
6 federal appellate ·
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1331 · 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866)
Relies on Hayes v. Memphis Police Department
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 6 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he law expects police officers to take reasonable and effective precautions for protection of their own lives and no law requires them to allow an assailant to fire the first shot.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Bates v. Snyder
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.