Gardner v. Wilkinson’s Empirical Analysis
643 F.2d 1135 · 1981
Citation profile
7 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 31 later decisions — most recently December 2023 · most notably Putnam Resources v. Pateman (1992), Johnson v. Bryant (1982)
7 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on The Boeing Company v. Daniel C. Shipman · 329 So. 2d 437 - Louisiana State Bar Association v. Edwins · Harold S. Hobson v. Cyrus S. Eaton · Aponaug Manufacturing Co. v. Collins
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“preponderance of the evidence simply means that the evidence which shows that the fact to be proved is more probable than not.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.