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← 652 F.3d 565 - Kowalski v. Berkeley County Schools

Kowalski v. Berkeley County Schools’s Empirical Analysis

652 F.3d 565 · 2011

Citation profile

30
cited by 30 later decisions
2
cited 2 times by the Supreme Court
1
states following
June 2023
most recently cited

11 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions

Appellate journey

Relationships

Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))

Relies on Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · Goss v. Lopez · New Jersey v. T. L. O. · Texas v. Johnson · Gitlow v. People of the State of New York

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “a school could not punish a student for online speech merely because the speech was vulgar and reached the school.”
    5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
  2. “speech caused the interference and disruption described in Tinker as being immune from First Amendment protection.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
  3. “as a platform for [the plaintiff] and her friends to direct verbal attacks towards [a] classmate.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.