United States v. Vallez’s Empirical Analysis
653 F.2d 403 · 1981
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 2 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 36 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2013 · most notably Hudson v. Palmer (1984), United States v. Washington (1987)
20 federal appellate · 2 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1111 · 18 U.S.C. § 1792
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · Starnes v. Penrod Drilling Co. · Time, Inc. v. Bon Air Hotel, Inc. · Johnson v. United States · Stroud v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 36 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“If it is shown that the defendant used a deadly weapon in the commission of a homicide, then you may find, from the use of such weapon, in the absence of explanatory or mitigating circumstances, the existence of the malice which is an essential element of the offense. You are not obliged to so find, however.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“This court has ruled ... that a prison inmate does have a reasonable expectation of privacy in a sealed letter.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.