United States v. Sutherland’s Empirical Analysis
656 F.2d 1181 · 1981
Citation profile
156 federal appellate · 6 district · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 213 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2020 · most notably United States v. Phillips (1981), Sutherland v. United States (1982)
156 federal appellate · 6 district · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1962 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act)
Relies on Brady v. State of Maryland · Glasser v. United States · Kotteakos v. United States · United States v. Agurs · Berger v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 213 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'a series of agreements that under pre-RICO law would constitute multiple conspiracies could under RICO be tried as a single 'enterprise' conspiracy.'”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“So long as the alleged RICO co-conspirators have agreed to participate in the affairs of the same enterprise, the mere fact that they do not conspire directly with each other "does not convert the single agreement to conduct the affairs of an enterprise through a pattern of racketeering activity into multiple conspiracies.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he evidence as to each [of the overt acts] is remarkably similar. Therefore this series of alleged acts comprises one `conceptual group' and the jury need not have unanimously agreed as to which was proven.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.