United States v. Cleary’s Empirical Analysis
656 F.2d 1302 · 1981
Citation profile
15
cited by 15 later decisions
2
states following
October 1995
most recently cited
13 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 472
Relies on Katz v. United States · Coolidge v. New Hampshire · Rakas v. Illinois · New York v. Belton · Sedillo v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 15 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(T)he critical factor relied on (in Arkansas v. Sanders ) was the objective nature of the suitcase as personal luggage, i.e., the inherent nature of the container itself rather than the behavior of its owner.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“the term 'personal luggage' encompasses those items commonly perceived as being designed for carrying and storing personal effects or papers and which have some sort of device to keep them closed.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent“luggage is a common repository for one's personal effects, and therefore is inevitably associated with the expectation of privacy.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.