Spencer v. Roche’s Empirical Analysis
659 F.3d 142 · 2011
Citation profile
6 federal appellate · 3 district · 5 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Bell v. Wolfish · Schmerber v. State of California · Whren v. United States · Horton v. California · Minnesota v. Dickerson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A] police officer's observation of an item in plain view does not constitute a search so long as the officer makes his observation from a lawful vantage point.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[a] police officer's subjective motive, even if improper, cannot sour an objectively reasonable search.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“it is not [the federal court's] place to create new causes of action under state law.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hayes v. Mirick
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.