Birl v. Estelle’s Empirical Analysis
660 F.2d 592 · 1981
Citation profile
28 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 108 later decisions — most recently August 2023 · most notably Traguth v. Zuck (1983), Pryor v. U.S. Postal Service (1985)
28 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Haines v. Kerner · Faretta v. California · United Gas Improvement Co. v. Continental Oil Co. · Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co. · Chipser v. Kohlmeyer & Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 108 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“does not exempt a party from compliance with relevant rules of procedural and substantive law,”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.