State of New Jersey Department of Education 80-1991 v. Hufstedler 80-1991 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 80-2302’s Empirical Analysis
662 F.2d 208 · 1981
Citation profile
14 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · National Railroad Passenger Corporation v. National Assn. of Railroad Passengers · United States v. Munsey Trust Co. · Rex Trailer Company v. United States · Greene v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 22 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The legitimacy of Congress' power to legislate under the Spending Power thus rests on whether the State voluntarily and knowingly accepts the terms of the 'contract' .... There can, of course, be no knowing acceptance if a state is unaware of the conditions or is unable to ascertain what is expected of it.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[f]or the Department to attempt to use an offset remedy ... would result in the failure of the school districts to provide Title I services during the year for which funding was withheld.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Even though there may be difficulties arising from recovery of improperly used funds, those exceptions must be enforced if the Congress is to carry out its responsibility to the taxpayer.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Bell v. New Jersey
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.