Whittington v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1996
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 40 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 45 later decisions — most recently February 2018 · most notably Morfin v. City of East Chicago (2003), Shoultz v. State (2000)
4 federal appellate · 40 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000B
Relies on United States v. O'Brien · Rav v. City of St Paul Minnesota · Hess v. Indiana · Arcara v. Cloud Books, Inc. · State v. Gerhardt
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 45 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“No law shall be passed, restraining the free interchange of thought and opinion, or restricting the right to speak, write, or print, freely, on any subject whatever: but for the abuse of that right, every person shall be responsible.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage“'the State could not reasonably conclude that the restricted expression was an abuse'”
7 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. J.D. v. State · Johnson v. State“'['Tihe common feature of political expression is reference to state action.... Expressive activity is political ... if its 'point is to comment on government action, whether applauding an old policy or proposing a new one, or opposing a candidate for office or criticizing the conduct of an official acting under color of law.... In contrast, where an individual's expression focuses on the conduct of a private party-including the speaker himself or herself-it is not political.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. J.D. v. State · Johnson v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.