People v. Ratner’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

1 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. ““Statutes providing for greater punishment of second or subsequent offenses by the same person have long been in force in this country and in England [citation omitted] and are to be found in the legislation of nearly every state in the Union. It is the established rule, under such statutes, unless the statute designates a different mode of procedure, that, if the prosecutor desires to invoke the severer punishment provided as to second or subsequent offenders, the indictment or information must allege the fact of the prior conviction, and the allegation of such conviction must be proved in the trial to the jury.” 153 P.2d at 791 .”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Pinto v. Superior Court

2. ““We find that by the great weight of authority the rule is established that where it is desired to charge the defendant with an offense which is punishable more severely because of a prior conviction, the fact of the prior conviction is an essential element of the pleading by which the offense is charged.” 153 P.2d at 790-791 .”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Pinto v. Superior Court