¶1— I regret to be compelled to come to the conclusion that the assignment in this case cannot be sustained.
¶2That Walter S. Sinclair was indebted to his mother for the amount of the preference mentioned in the assignment seems to be reasonably established; but it does not at all appear that such money was expended by him in the business in which he was engaged, or that such debt was assumed at the time of the formation of the firm of W. S. Sinclair & Co. His business debts were assumed by that firm, and as such were entered in the books of the concern, but his individual debts do not appear to have been assumed, and it seems to be reasonably certain that some of this money, loaned by his mother to him, at least, was appropriated to the payment of his individual debts.
¶3The fact that alterations were made in the books in the manner in which they appear, indicates beyond question a fraudulent intent. It was an attempt to impose upon those who should examine the books of the firm, and to make their books appear to show transactions which were entirely different from the truth. This circumstance seems to be of so grave a character as to stamp the whole transaction with suspicion that has not by any means been removed by the testimony offered.
¶4I have been led irresistibly to the conclusion that Walter S. Sinclair had applied a large amount of this money received from his mother to his own individual uses, and that a considerable amount of this money had been received and expended prior to the formation of the new firm, and which had never been assumed by the new firm. The books of the firm were altered for the purpose of bringing within the *255liability of the firm such debts, in order that they might be preferred in the assignment which was then being contemplated. Such being the facts, I see no way in which the assignment can be sustained.
¶5Judgment accordingly.