¶1The defendant was committed!' to- prison on the 26th of September, 1883, for a contempt of court caused by a failure to pay alimony awarded by-the- judgment- in this action to the plaintiff and directed to-be paid by him-. The order adjudging him in contempt and’ directing his commitment contained no adjudication that- payment of the alimony could not be enforced by means.of- security or-the-sequestration of his property, and it-has been objected'to-as void because of that omission. But neither section. 1772 nor section 1773 of the Code of Civil Procedure requires- such am adjudication to be stated or recited" in the order.- All that: has been required is that it shall appear -presumptively,- to the-satisfaction of the court, that payment' cannot-be enforced!by means of the proceedings prescribed" by-sectióm 1772'or -resorting to any security given as therein meátiónedi But that it did so appear before the determination was made for the *370commitment of the defendant may be presumed from the facts mentioned in his affidavits upon which he applied for 'his release from imprisonment. The application for the order was made upon notice, and his own counsel was'heard in opposition to it, and it is not to be presumed, when the order is collaterally attacked and has not been appealed from, that any defect existed in the proofs upon which it was made. Neither the case of Isaacs agt. Isaacs (61 How., 369), nor Rahl agt. Rahl (14 Week. Dig., 560) sustain the objection taken to this order, and, under the provisions of the Code regulating the proceedings in which it was made, it is to be presumed to have been warranted by the proofs produced at that time before the court.
¶2The lease of the defendant was more especially applied for upon the ground that he was unable to comply with the direction contained in the judgment for the payment of alimony, and when that may appear to be the case, the court has been authorized 'by section 2286 of the Code to relieve the party from further imprisonment. But in this case the inability of the defendant to pay the small amount directed of five dollars per week seems to have arisen out of the fact that he, soon after the judgment against him, married again in another state, and by that marriage became obligated to devote his earnings to the maintenance of his second wife. If it had not been for this marriage there is reason to believe, from the statements contained in the affidavits, that he would have been able to comply with the directions for the payment of - the alimony contained in the judgment; and as he disabled himself from doing so by his -second marriage, his disability was voluntary and intentionally created. This was done by an act prohibited by the judgment recovered against him by the plaintiff, and in defiance of the restraints imposed upon him by its terms. It as true that the second marriage, notwithstanding this judgement, was obligatory upon him, as it was solemnized out of -this state. But the fact that it was entered into was none the ’dess a violation of the express restraint imposed upon him by *371the judgment action; and having disabled himself from complying with the terms of the judgment by this voluntary and intentional disobedience, he is entitled to no favorable consideration for the purpose of relieving him from the disability and punishment he has in this manner brought upon himself.
¶3The court should not encourage misconduct of this character. For while required to be tolerated, it certainly is not entitled to encouragement where the judgment, as the affidavit shows was its form in this case, prohibits the party in fault from marrying again. He probably could be punished for a contempt in disregarding and violating the provision by after-wards marrying in another state, for the willful disobedience of a lawful mandate of the court is made a contempt (Code of Civil Pro., sec. 8, subd. 3); and the term mandate is so broad in the sense in which it was so used as to include “ a writ, process or other written direction, issued pursuant to law by a court or judge, or a person acting as a judicial officer, and commanding a court, board or other body, or an officer or other person named or otherwise designated therein, to do,, or refrain from, doing, an act therein specified ” (Id., sec. 3343, subd. 2).
¶4But even if the defendant may not be so punished, he is not entitled to the favorable consideration of the court, after having willfully disobeyed the prohibition contained in the judgment forbidding him from marrying again during the lifetime of the plaintiff, and in that manner subjecting himself to imprisonment. As the case is now presented, the order refusing his discharge from imprisonment was right and it should be affirmed, with the usual costs and disbursements.
¶5Davis, P. J., and Brady, J., concurred.