State v. Bash’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

2 federal appellate · 14 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 16 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “incriminating statements made by the defendant, incriminating actions of the defendant upon the police's discovery of the controlled substance among or near the defendant's personal belongings, the defendant's fingerprints on the packages containing the controlled substance, and any other circumstances linking the defendant to the controlled substance.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State of Iowa v. John Wesley Reed · State v. Nitcher

2. “(1) exercised dominion and control [i.e., possession] over the contraband, (2) had knowledge of its presence, and (3) had knowledge that the material was a controlled substance. Proof of opportunity of access to the place where contraband is found will not, without more, support a finding of unlawful possession.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State of Iowa v. John Wesley Reed · State v. Carter

3. “Possession can be either actual or constructive. Actual possession occurs when the controlled substance is found on the defendant’s person. Constructive possession occurs when the defendant has knowledge of the presence of the controlled substance and has the authority or right to maintain control of it.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Nitcher · State v. Carter