Gomez v. Turner’s Empirical Analysis
672 F.2d 134 · 1982
Citation profile
32 federal appellate · 17 district · 30 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 99 later decisions — most recently August 2024 · most notably Charles Laduke v. Alan C. Nelson, Etc. (1985), Zepeda v. United States Immigration & Naturalization Service (1983)
32 federal appellate · 17 district · 30 state decisions — followed in 11 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Terry v. Ohio · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · United States v. Mendenhall · Adams v. Williams
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 99 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“is whether a reasonable person innocent of any crime, would have felt free to walk away under the circumstances.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“examples ... [include] the threatening presence of several officers, the display of a weapon by an officer, some physical touching of the person of the citizen, or the use of language or tone of voice indicating that compliance with the officer's request might be compelled.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“'seizure' occurs when a police officer, by force or show of authority, restrains the liberty of a citizen”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.