Hartmann v. Stone’s Empirical Analysis
68 F.3d 973 · 1995
Citation profile
6 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 24 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2021
6 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 10 U.S.C. § 774 · 42 U.S.C. § 1760 · 42 U.S.C. § 2000B · 4 U.S.C. § 4
Relies on Lemon v. Kurtzman · Wisconsin v. Yoder · Sherbert v. Verner · Pierce v. Society of the Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary Same · Employment Division Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. L Smith
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 24 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“our citizens in uniform may not be stripped of basic rights simply because they have doffed their civilian clothes.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a sufficient interest in the case to meet the normal requirement of constitutional standing,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“Government action will not contravene the Establishment Clause if: 1) it has a secular purpose; 2) its principal or primary effect neither advances nor inhibits religion; and 3) it does not foster an excessive government entanglement with religion. The secular purpose test is an inquiry into whether the government’s actual purpose is to endorse or disapprove of religion.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.