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← 686 F.3d 644 - Carpenter v. Gage

Carpenter v. Gage’s Empirical Analysis

686 F.3d 644 · 2012

Citation profile

60
cited by 60 later decisions
June 2025
most recently cited

34 federal appellate · 2 district ·

Relationships

Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))

Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Illinois v. Gates · Anderson v. Creighton · Graham v. Connor · Farmer v. Brennan

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 60 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “[e]ven if Carpenter's motive was innocent, the deputies on the scene reasonably could have interpreted Carpenter's actions as resistance and responded with an amount of force that was reasonable to effect the arrest”
    2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
  2. “any distinction between a 'pretrial detainee' and an 'arrestee' does not affect the analysis”
    2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
  3. “refused to offer his hands when ordered to do so”
    2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.