Hicks v. Garner’s Empirical Analysis
69 F.3d 22 · 1995
Citation profile
9 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions — most recently November 2015 · most notably Jolly v. Coughlin (1996), Civil Liberties for Urban Believers v. City of Chicago (2003)
9 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1915 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000B
Relies on Neitzke v. Williams · Turner v. Safley · Cruz v. Beto · Denton v. Hernandez · O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a. In general. Government shall not substantially burden a person’s exercise of religion even if the burden results from a rule of general applicability, except as provided in subsection (b). b. Exception. Government may substantially burden a person’s exercise of religion only if it demonstrates that application of the burden to the person— 1. is in furtherance of a compelling governmental interest; and 2. is the least restrictive means of furthering that compelling governmental interest.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“interference must be more than an inconvenience”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“statutory contours are vague and its legal limits and standards have yet to be defined”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. May v. G.h. Baldwin
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.