United States v. Galvan’s Empirical Analysis
693 F.2d 417 · 1982
Citation profile
89 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 98 later decisions — most recently March 2025 · most notably United States v. Posada-Rios (1998), United States v. Dickey (1984)
89 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 952
Relies on United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · United States v. Salvucci · Ohio v. Kentucky · United States v. Bell · United States v. Vergara
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 98 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a climate of activity that reeks of something foul.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“When the [G]overnment attempts to prove the existence of a conspiracy by circumstantial evidence, each link in the inferential chain must be clearly proven.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.