7 Cal. 3d 362 - In Re Smith’s Empirical Analysis
1972
Citation profile
12 federal appellate · 109 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 128 later decisions — most recently July 2019 · most notably 11 Cal. 4th 434 - People v. Martinez (1995), 25 Cal. 3d 238 - Pryor v. Municipal Court (1979)
12 federal appellate · 109 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Manual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day · 66 Cal. 2d 390 - People v. Merriam · Sunshine Book Co. v. Summerfield · 60 Cal. 2d 666 - In re Zerbe · 1 Cal. 3d 821 - Barrows v. Municipal Court
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 128 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A] person does not expose his private parts "lewdly" within the meaning of section 314 unless his conduct is sexually motivated. Accordingly, a conviction of that offense requires proof beyond a reasonable doubt that the actor not only meant to expose himself, but intended by his conduct to direct public attention to his genitals for purposes of sexual arousal, gratification, or affront.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Betansos v. Barr · State v. Bull“Every person who willfully and lewdly ... [e]xposes his person, or the private parts thereof, in any public place, or in any place where there are present other persons to be offended or annoyed thereby ... is guilty of a misdemeanor.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“to assure that persons convicted of the crimes enumerated therein shall be readily available for police surveillance at all times because the Legislature deemed them likely to commit similar offenses in the future.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.