Torres v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1999
Citation profile
5
cited by 5 later decisions
1
states following
December 2007
most recently cited
5 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Almanza v. State · Local 24, International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. Schoonover · Levene & Eisenberg v. Gold Coast Asset Acquisition, L. P. · Hamel v. State · Willis v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 5 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A person is justified in using force against another in self-defense when and to the degree he reasonably believes the force is immediately necessary to protect himself against the other's use or attempted use of unlawful force. It is not necessary that there be an actual attack or attempted attack, a person is justified in using force against another in self-defense from apparent danger to the same extent as he would be had the danger been real, provided [that] he acted upon a reasonable belief that the other person was using or attempting to use unlawful force, and that he reasonably believed the use of force was immediately necessary to protect himself against the other person’s use or attempted use of unlawful force against him. Except, the use of force against another is not justified in response to verbal provocation alone or if the actor provoked the other’s use or attempted use of unlawful force, unless the actor abandons the encounter, or clearly communicates to the other his intent to do so reasonably believing he cannot safely abandon the encounter; and the other nevertheless continues or attempts to use unlawful force against the actor.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Walters v. State“Where the evidence raises the issue of apparent danger, the court, in instructing the jury on the law of self-defense, should tell it that a person has a right to defend from apparent danger to the same extent as he would had the danger been real, provided he acted upon a reasonable apprehension of danger as it appeared to him from his standpoint at the time.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Walters v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.