Bangert v. Hodel’s Empirical Analysis
1989
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 10 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 18 later decisions — most recently December 2018
3 federal appellate · 10 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 844 (§ 404 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Delaware v. Prouse · Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Commission · Rochin v. People of California · New Jersey v. T. L. O. · O'CONNOR v. Ortega
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Obviously, the governmental interests at stake vary with particular positions, some of them implicating interests of various strengths in worker and public safety, workplace efficiency, and security.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“An employee selected for random testing must proceed to a designated private site or a restroom stall in the company of a collection site monitor. Upon entering the restroom, the employee must remove any unnecessary outer garments that might conceal items or substances that could be used to tamper with the specimen. The employee must then wash his or her hands before urinating and remain in the restroom or collection site throughout the collection process ... The collection site monitor then remains close by, listens to the urination, and notes any “unusual behavior” while the employee is urinating. The employee is instructed not to flush the toilet until the urine specimen is turned over to the collection site person.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“among the highest responsibilities of the federal judiciary.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.