Summa v. Hofstra University’s Empirical Analysis
708 F.3d 115 · 2013
Citation profile
13 federal appellate · 13 district · 1 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 706 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Lipsett v. University of Puerto Rico · Torres v. Pisano · Galdieri-Ambrosini v. National Realty & Development Corp. · Gordon v. New York City Board of Education
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 124 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]o prevail on a hostile work environment claim, a plaintiff must make two showings: (1) that the harassment was sufficiently severe or pervasive to alter the conditions of the victim's employment and create an abusive working environment and (2) that there is a specific basis for imputing the conduct creating the hostile work environment to the employer.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) she engaged in a protected activity; (2) her employer was aware of this activity; (3) the employer took adverse employment action against her; and (4) a causal connection exists between the alleged adverse action and the protected activity.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“employer knew (or reasonably should have known) about the harassment but failed to take appropriate remedial action”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.