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71 T.C. 772

Toner v. Commissioner

United States Tax Court

Decided February 12, 1979

United States Tax Court · decided 1979-02-12

P was a teacher in a Catholic elementary school in 1973. Held: P's educational expenses are not deductible because the education enabled her to satisfy the minimum educational requirement generally applicable in the teaching profession, another trade or business for her.

Cited by 14 later decisions — most recently December 1993

4 federal appellate ·

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“for qualification in his employment or other trade or business.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Toner v. Commissioner

Relies on Diaz v. Commissioner

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decision will be entered for the respondent · Decided 1979-02-12

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Drennen, J.,

¶1concurring: I agree with Judge Sterrett in his concurring opinion that the language in section 1.162-5(b)(2), Income Tax Regs., “expenditures made by an individual for education which is required of him in order to meet the minimum educational requirements for qualification in his employment or other trade or business” (emphasis added) refers to the taxpayer’s present employment or any present trade or business of the taxpayer, rather than just any other trade or business as seems to be implied by the majority.

¶2I also agree with Judge Chabot in his concurring opinion that, whether the trade or business of the Pennsylvania nonvocational elementary school teachers in public and nonreligious private schools is considered to be the same trade or business as petitioner’s present employment or is considered to be a new trade or business, the educational expenses here involved are nondeductible under either subparagraph (b)(2) or (b)(3) of the above regulation. Cf. Diaz v. Commissioner, 70 T.C. 1067 (1978).

¶3I therefore concur in the result reached by the majority.

Chabot, J., agrees with this concurring opinion.
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