United States v. Halbert’s Empirical Analysis
712 F.2d 388 · 1983
Citation profile
42 federal appellate · 3 district · 17 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 72 later decisions — most recently August 2023 · most notably United States v. Sanchez-Robles (1991), United States v. North (1984)
42 federal appellate · 3 district · 17 state decisions — followed in 14 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002)
Relies on Williams v. United States · Zurcher v. Stanford Daily · United States v. Bagnariol · Walgren v. United States · United States v. Hendrix
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 72 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[n]o statement made by the accused in the course of any examination provided for by this rule, whether the examination shall be with or without the consent of the accused, shall be admitted in evidence against the accused on the issue of guilt in any criminal proceeding.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a natural tendency to influence or is ... capable of influencing another's decisions[.]”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“trial court, upon learning of a possible incident of juror misconduct, must hold an evidentiary hearing to determine the precise nature of the extraneous information”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.