716 F. Supp. 595 - Bateman v. Gardner’s Empirical Analysis
1989
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 12 later decisions — most recently February 2025
4 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 16 U.S.C. § 1801 (American Fisheries Promotion Act) · 16 U.S.C. § 1856 · 28 U.S.C. § 2403
Relies on Hillsborough County v. Automated Medical Laboratories, Inc. · Schneidewind v. ANR Pipeline Co. · Skiriotes v. Florida · State v. Sterling
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 12 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“... the states cannot regulate, directly or indirectly, any fishing vessel outside their respective territorial borders, unless the vessel is registered under the laws of that state.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“ORDERED and ADJUDGED as follows 1. Chapter 46-23, Fla.Admin.Code violates the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution insofar as it restricts Florida commercial fisherman from fishing in federal waters. 2. Chapter 46-23, Fla.Admin.Code, violates the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution insofar as it interferes with the commerce between the states. 3. 50 C.F.R. Part 642.21(c) pre-empts Chapter 46-23 insofar as Chapter 46-23 limits commercial Mackerel fishing where the federal regulations allow it. 4. The defendants are permanently enjoined from enforcing Chapter 46-23, Fla.Admin.Code, in a manner that violates the Equal Protection Clause and Commerce Clause or conflicts with the applicable federal regulations. DONE AND ORDERED.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.