Philadelphia Gear Corporation v. Central Bank’s Empirical Analysis
717 F.2d 230 · 1983
Citation profile
29 federal appellate · 1 district · 17 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 82 later decisions — most recently November 2008 · most notably Enterprise International, Inc. v. Corporacion Estatal Petrolera Ecuatoriana (1985), Chevron Usa Inc v. Traillour Oil Company (1993)
29 federal appellate · 1 district · 17 state decisions — followed in 11 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Venizelos, S.A. v. Chase Manhattan Bank · Sztejn v. J. Henry Schroder Banking Corp. · District of Columbia v. Moulton · Thompson v. Johns-Manville Sales Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 82 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[a]n issuer must honor a draft or demand for payment which complies with the terms of the relevant credit regardless of whether the goods or documents conform to the underlying contract ... between the customer and the beneficiary.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[A letter of credit] transaction usually comprises three separate contracts: “[fjirst, the issuing bank enters into a contract with its customer to issue the letter of credit. Second, there is a contract between the issuing bank and the party receiving the letter of credit. Third, the customer who procured the letter of credit signs a contract with the person receiving it, usually involving the sale of goods or the provision of some service.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“banks must examine all documents stipulated in the Credit with reasonable care, to ascertain whether or not they appear on their face, to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.