Schultz v. Wellman’s Empirical Analysis
717 F.2d 301 · 1983
Citation profile
5 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 21 later decisions — most recently February 2019
5 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 10 U.S.C. § 801 (Military Justice Act of 1968) · 10 U.S.C. § 934 · 18 U.S.C. § 242 · 28 U.S.C. § 1331 · 32 U.S.C. § 322 · 32 U.S.C. § 324 · 32 U.S.C. § 709 (National Guard Technicians Act of 1968) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth · Scheuer v. Rhodes · McMann v. Richardson · Tollett v. Henderson · United States v. Classic
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 21 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'mixed' federal and state program may ... be actions 'under color of state law.' " Rowe v. Tennessee , 609 F.2d 259 , 266 (6th Cir. 1979). The "evaluation of whether particular conduct constitutes action taken under the color of state [or instead federal] law, must focus on the actual nature and character of that action.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“That an agency of the state chooses to utilize federal substantive and procedural rules in the exercise of its state law authority does not transform the state law character of its actions.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“are ordered by the state Adjutant General, a state officer, and must be approved by the Governor of the state.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.