Robbins v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
39 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions — most recently March 2017 · most notably Zuniga v. State (2004), Williams v. State (2007)
39 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Almanza v. State · Williams v. State · Verner v. State · Fox v. State · 154 Tex. Crim. 587 - Long v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A person is criminally responsible if the result would not have occurred but for his conduct, operating either alone or concurrently with another cause, unless the concurrent cause was clearly sufficient to produce the result and the conduct of the actor clearly insufficient.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage“If concurrent causes are present, two possible combinations exist to satisfy the "but for" requirement: (1) the defendant's conduct may be sufficient by itself to have caused the harm, regardless of the existence of a concurrent cause; or (2) the defendant's conduct and the other cause together may be sufficient to have caused the harm.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Marvis v. State · Bell v. State“1. Our statutes provide that a person commits the offense of involuntary manslaughter if he intentionally or knowingly operates a motor vehicle while intoxicated and by reason of such intoxication causes the death of an individual through accident or mistake. * * * * * . You are instructed that before you would be warranted in convicting the defendant of involuntary manslaughter you must find and believe from the evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that: (a) the defendant drove a motor vehicle, to wit, an automobile in Tarrant County, Texas, on or about the 22nd day of October, 1981; (b) the defendant, while so driving, was intoxicated, as that term is defined herein; (c) while so driving and while intoxicated, defendant collided with Anthony Parrotti; (d) the defendant thereby and therewith, at the time and place alleged in the indictment, did, by accident and mistake, kill the said Anthony Parrotti by so colliding with him while defendant was intoxicated; (e) that the intoxication, if any, of defendant then and there caused or contributed to cause the death of said Anthony Parrotti; or, put another way, the defendant, by the means aforesaid and by accident or mistake, by reason of said intoxication, caused the death of Anthony Parrotti. Unless you find all of the foregoing elements beyond a reasonable doubt, or if you have a reasonable doubt as to the existence of any of said elements, you must acquit the defendant of involuntary manslaughter. 5. Now, if you believe from the”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Crabb v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.