United States v. Layton’s Empirical Analysis
720 F.2d 548 · 1983
Citation profile
116 federal appellate · 5 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 136 later decisions — most recently October 2016 · most notably United States v. Yarbrough (1988), United States v. Blakeney (1991)
116 federal appellate · 5 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1117 · 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 351 · 18 U.S.C. § 3731
Relies on Ohio v. Roberts · United States v. Jorn · Dutton v. Evans · Oregon v. Kennedy · Mansfield Ry Co v. Swan
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 136 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(b) Hearsay exceptions. The following are not excluded by the hearsay rule if the declarant is unavailable as a witness: (3) Statement against interest. A statement which was at the time of its making so far contrary to the declarant’s pecuniary or proprietary interest, or so far tended to subject him to civil or criminal liability, ... that a reasonable man in his position would not have made the statement unless he believed it to be true.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“We have, on many occasions, sought to define the “in furtherance of” requirement. We have stated that “mere conversations between co-conspirators” or “merely narrative declarations” are not admissible as statements in furtherance of a conspiracy____ Instead, the statements must “further the common objectives of the conspiracy,” or “set in motion transactions that [are] an integral part of the [conspiracy].””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“An appeal by the United States shall lie to a court of appeals from a decision or order of a district court suppressing or excluding evidence ..., not made after the defendant has been put in jeopardy ..if the United States Attorney certifies to’ the district court that' the appeal is not taken for the purpose of delay and that the evidence is a substantial proof of a fact material in the proceeding.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.