Skillern v. Estelle’s Empirical Analysis
720 F.2d 839 · 1983
Citation profile
45 federal appellate · 1 district · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 100 later decisions (3 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2016 · most notably Tison v. Arizona (1987), Bottoson v. Florida (1984)
45 federal appellate · 1 district · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · Enmund v. Florida · Ungar v. Sarafite · Avery v. State of Alabama
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 100 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[w]e do not sit as a super state supreme court to review error under state law.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“If, in the attempt to carry out a conspiracy to commit one felony, another felony is committed by one of the conspirators, all conspirators are guilty of the felony actually committed, though having no intent to commit it, if the offense was committed in furtherance of the unlawful purpose and was one that should have been anticipated as a result of the carrying out of the conspiracy.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Jacobs v. Scott · Montoya v. Scott“Enmund merely invalidates a death penalty when based solely upon a defendant's criminal responsibility for a killing by an accomplice that is unintended or not contemplated by the defendant; it does not invalidate a conviction of a substantive offense of murder when guilt is so based.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.